Local short name form

Official name

Area

Population

Capital

Currency

International telephone access code

ISO 3166 country codes

Car nationality plate code

Internet country code

GRC Country Code

   1 234,45

(where , indicates the decimal separator and a space the thousands separator)

   Note: This section last updated 2nd June 2021

   dd/mm/yyyy 
   dd.mm.yyyy

   14:32 

96 languages are spoken in Russia. Nationalist feelings run high and language use is important - care must be taken in choosing the language in which to communicate with individuals within Russia.

The national language is Russian (about 140 000 000 speakers). Other widespread languages are: Bashkir (in Bashkir ASSR, 948 720 speakers); Chechen (in Chechenia, 944 600 speakers); Chuvash (in Chuvashia, 1 774 000 speakers) and Tatar (in Tatarstan, 5 715 000 speakers).

Russian names are formed by a given name followed by the patronymic, which shows filiation to the father, followed by the surname:

   Ivan Ivanovitch Tolstoy

The patronymic is formed by adding –ovitch, -evich or -ich (“son of”) or -ovna, -ivna, -evna, -ichna or -inichna (“daughter of”) to the given name of the father. The patronymic is usually not used in correspondence.

Surnames have mascualine and feminine variants. Common male endings are:

   -ov, -ev, -in, -iy, -oy, -uy, -yn, -ski, -sky, -skiy

Common female endings are:

   -ova, -ovna, -eva, -evna, -ina, -aya, -oya, -eye, -iaya, -yna, -skaya

Some women take their husband’s name (feminised) upon marriage, others hyphenate their husband’s surname to their own.

   Tables of names can be acquired: given names , surnames/family names , family name prefixes , forms of address , job titles 

Russian company types include:

   ANO (Автономная некоммерческая организация, АНО) - Autonomous non-profit organization
   GP or GUP (Государственное унитарное предприятие, ГП or ГУП) - State enterprise or Unitary state enterprise
   IP (Individualny predprinimatel/Индивидуальный предприниматель, ИП) - sole proprietorship
   kooperativ/кооператив - co-operative
   Nekommercheskaya organizatsiya/некоммерческая организация - non-profit organization
   OAO (Otkrytoye aktsionernoye obshchestvo/Открытое акционерное общество, OAO) - Public joint-stock company
   OOO (Obshchestvo s ogranichennoy otvetstvennostyu/Общество с ограниченной ответственностью, OOO) - Company with a limited liability
   ZAO (Zakrytoe aktionernoye obshchestvo/Закрытое акционерное общество, ЗАО) - Closed joint-stock company

   Comprehensive tables of these strings can be acquired – see http://www.grcdi.nl/addresses.htm 

   Note: This section last updated 23rd August 2016

Russia changed its format to a “western” form in 2005, so that it is now written:

   Family name
   Given name(s)
   Thoroughfare name[ ]building number{[ ]sub-building information}
   PLACE NAME{[ ]District[ ]Region}
   Postal code

for example:

Addresses in the old form, with the postal code at the top and the recipient’s name at the bottom, will still be found

The house number may be found in front of the thoroughfare name, especially where an address has been transliterated.

A slash (/) in building number in an address often indicates a corner location, where the first number indicates then building number on the named street, and the second indicates the location on a second street. Thus:

   Nevsky prospect 4/24

is building number 4 on Nevsky prospect, on a corner.

A hyphen (-) in a building number is often used to split the building number and the apartment number. Thus:

   Nevsky prospect 123-12

is apartment 12, building 123 on the Nevsky prospect.

Floor levels are often given using Roman numerals. The ground floor is floor I, first floor II and so on.

   A table containing information about the relevant position of elements within address blocks can be acquired 

(Sub)-building and thoroughfare types

   Note: This section last updated 22nd August 2016

   Comprehensive tables of these strings can be acquired – see http://www.grcdi.nl/addresses.htm 

   Note: This section last updated 22nd August 2016

This is written Abonentny Yashik, abbreviated to A.R. in Cyrillic script.

   Note: This section last updated 30th August 2019

Postal codes (почтовый индекс) consist of a block of 6 digits. The code used is that in use since before the break-up of the Soviet Union. The first three digits indicate the region or large town, the last three the post office. Postal codes can begin with a 1,2,3,4 or 6. No codes currently begin with 22, 25-29, 31-33, 37, 47-49, 5 or 7-9.

Codes commencing 29 are in the disputed territory of Crimea.

   Metadata containing postal code formatting rules, exceptions and regular expressions can be acquired 

Russia - Postal code format graphic

Russia - Postal code format

Russia - Postal code specifics

Russia - Postal code regular expression

Russia - Postal code level of coverage

Russia - Postal code map

   Note: This section last updated 11th May 2017

Refer to Exonyms in Russia for full lists of place names in Russia in other languages.

   Alternate place name forms/postal code tables can be acquired at http://www.grcdi.nl/settlements.htm 

   Other language place name data can be acquired at http://www.grcdi.nl/otherlanguageplace.htm 

   Note: This section last updated 29th March 2014

The main administrative unit is the oblast (oblast’, plural - oblastey). There are also 20 autonomous republics (avtonomnyk respublik, singular - avtonomnaya respublika, shown in the list below with an asterisk), 4 autonomous okrugs (avtonomnykh okrugov, singular - avtonomnyy okrug, shown in the list below with a ‡), 7 krays (krayev, singular – kray, shown in the list below with a ∆), 2 federal cities (gorod, shown in the list below with a #), and 1 autonomous oblast (avtonomnaya oblast’, shown in the list below with a ☼). The administrative districts usually have the same name as their administrative capitals. Where this is not the case, the administrative capital is named after the district name between brackets.

Note that when using a place name with an adjectival ending skaya or skiy, the word Oblast’ or Avonomnyy Okrug or Kray should be added to the place name in this way: Belgorodskaya Oblast.

Administrative district	Postal code range
Adygeya (Maykop) *	385
Altay (Gorno-Altaysk) *	649
Altayskiy (Barnaul) ∆	656-659
Amurskaya (Blagoveshchensk)	675-676
Arkhangel’skaya	163-165
Astrakhanskaya	414-416
Bashkortostan (Ufa) *	450-453
Belgorodskaya	308-309
Bryanskaya	241-243
Buryatia	670-671
Chechnya (Groznyy) *	364-366
Chelyabinskaya	454-457
Chukotskiy (Anadyr’) ‡	689
Chuvashiya (Cheboksary) *	428-429
Dagestan (Makhachkala) *	367-368
Ingushetiya (Nazran’) *	386
Irkutskaya	664-666, 669
Ivanovskaya	153-155
Kabardino-Balkariya (Nal’chik) *	360-361
Kaliningradskaya	236-238
Kalmykiya (Elista) *	358-359
Kaluzhskaya	248-249
Kamchatskaya	683-684, 688
Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (Cherkessk) *	369
Kareliya (Petrozavodsk) *	185-186
Kemerovskaya	650-654
Khabarovskiy ∆	680-682
Khakasiya (Abakan) *	655
Khanty-Mansiyskiy (Khanty-Mansiysk) ‡	628
Kirovskaya	610-613
Komi (Syktyvkar) *	167-169
Kostromskaya	156-157
Krasnodarskiy ∆	350-354
Krasnoyarskiy ∆	660-663, 647-648
Kurganskaya	640-641
Kurskaya	305-307
Leningradskaya	187-188
Lipetskaya	398-399
Magadanskaya	685-686
Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola) *	424-425
Mordoviya (Saransk) *	430-431
Moskovskaya	140-144
Moskva #	101-129
Murmanskaya	183-184
Nenetskiy (Nar’yan-Mar) ‡	166
Nizhegorodskaya	603-607
Novgorodskaya	173-175
Novosibirskaya	630-633
Omskaya	644-646
Orenburgskaya	460-462
Orlovskaya (Orel)	302-303
Penzenskaya	440-442
Perm’ ∆	614-619
Primorskiy (Vladivostok) ∆	690-692
Pskovskaya	180-182
Rostovskaya	344-347
Ryazanskaya	390-391
Sakha (Yakutsk) *	677-678
Sakhalinskaya (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)	693-694
Samarskaya	443-446
Sankt-Peterburg #	190-199
Saratovskaya	410-413
Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya (Vladikavkaz) *	362-363
Smolenskaya	214-216
Stavropol’skiy ∆	355-357
Sverdlovskaya (Yekaterinburg)	620-624
Tambovskaya	392-393
Tatarstan (Kazan’) *	420-423
Tomskaya	634-636
Tul’skaya	300-301
Tverskaya	170-172
Tyumenskaya	625-627
Tyva (Kyzyl) *	667-668
Udmurtiya (Izhevsk) *	426-427
Ul’yanovskaya	432-433
Vladimirskaya	600-602
Volgogradskaya	400-404
Vologodskaya	160-162
Voronezhskaya	394-397
Yamalo-Nenetskiy (Salekhard) ‡	629
Yaroslavskaya	150-152
Yevreyskaya ☼	679
Zabaykalskaya	672-674, 687

Crimea has the status of a republic within Russia. It is expected to be assign postal codes which are a 2 plus the code assigned as part of Ukraine, giving it codes between 295 and 298.

   This regions/postal code data can be acquired as a data file 

Administrative districts graphic

Russian numbers, when called from abroad, have a length of 10. Mobile numbers have an area code commencing with a 9.