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Global Sourcebook for International Data Management
by Graham Rhind
Explanation of the terms endonym and exonym here . Return to exonyms summary page here
More information about these places is to be found in the country chapters. For technical reasons, all alternative place name versions in the lists below have been labelled as "exonyms", even though it may be a local-language alternative form.
Alternate place name forms/postal code tables can be acquired at http://www.grcdi.nl/settlements.htm
Other language place name data can be acquired at http://www.grcdi.nl/otherlanguageplace.htm
Endonym/Exonym Portuguese | |
---|---|
Exonyms in Albania | Tiranë → Tirana |
Exonyms in Austria |
Salzburg → Salzburgo or Salisburgo Wien → Viena |
Exonyms in Belgium |
Antwerpen → Antuérpia Brugge → Bruges Bruxelles/Brussel → Bruxelas Gent → Gante Leuven → Lovaina |
Exonyms in Bulgaria | София or Sofiya → Sófia |
Exonyms in Cyprus | Lefkosia or Λευκωσία → Nicósia |
Exonyms in Czechia / the Czech Republic | Praha → Praga |
Exonyms in Denmark | København → Copenhague (Brazil), Copenhaga (Portugual) |
Exonyms in Finland | Helsinki → Helsinque (Brazil) or Helsínquia (Portugal) |
Exonyms in France |
Avignon → Avinão Bayonne → Baiona Bordeaux → Bordéus Carcassonne → Carcassona Lyon → Lião Narbonne → Narbona Orléans → Orleães (Portugal), Orleans (Brazil) Perpignan → Perpinhão (Portugal), Perpinhã (Brazil) Strasbourg → Estrasburgo |
Exonyms in Germany |
Aachen → Aix-la-Chapelle Augsburg → Augsburgo Berlin → Berlim Bonn → Bona Coburg → Coburgo Frankfurt am Main → Francoforte Freiburg → Friburgo Göttingen → Gotinga Hamburg → Hamburgo Hameln → Hamelin Hannover → Hanôver Koblenz → Coblença Köln → Colónia (Portugal), Colônia (Brazil) Konstanz → Constança Leipzig → Lípsia München → Munique Nürnberg → Nuremberga Regensburg → Ratisbona or Regensburgo Stuttgart → Estugarda Tübingen → Tubinga |
Exonyms in Greece |
Athínai or Αθήνα → Atenas Kórinthos or Κόρινθος → Corinto Marathonas or Μαραθώνας → Maratona Nafpaktos or Ναύπακτος → Lepanto Piraiévs or Πειραιεύς → Pireu Samothraki or Σαμοθράκη → Samotrácia Sparti or Σπάρτη → Esparta Thessaloníki or Θεσσαλονίκη → Salónica or Tessalónica (Portugal); Salônica or Tessalônica (Brazil) Thiva or Θῆβαι → Tebas |
Exonyms in Hungary | Budapest → Budapeste |
Exonyms in Ireland | Dublin → Dublim |
Exonyms in Italy |
Assisi → Assis Bologna → Bolonha Cagliari → Cálhari Firenze → Florença Genova → Génova (Portugal); Gênova (Brazil) Mantova → Mântua Milano → Milão Napoli → Nápoles Padova → Padua Piacenza → Plasência Torino → Turim Venezia → Veneza |
Exonyms in Kazakhstan |
Almatı or Алматы → Alma Ata Almatı or Алматы → Алматы |
Exonyms in Luxembourg | Lëtzebuerg → Luxemburgo |
Exonyms in Morocco |
Asilah or أصيلة → Arcila Tanger or طنجة → Tânger |
Exonyms in Mozambique | Maputo → Lourenço Marques |
Exonyms in Netherlands |
’s-Gravenhage → Haag Amsterdam → Amesterdão (Portugal); Amsterdã (Brazil) Groningen → Groninga Leiden → Leida Nijmegen → Nimega Rotterdam → Roterdão (Portugal); Roterdã (Brazil) Utrecht → Utreque |
Exonyms in Poland |
Gdańsk → Danzigue (Portugal); Dantsig (Brazil) Kraków → Cracóvia Lublin → Lublim Warszawa → Varsóvia Wrocław → Breslau or Vratislávia |
Exonyms in Romania | Bucureşti → Bucareste |
Exonyms in Russia |
Arhangelsk or Арха́нгельск → Adiguésia Moskva or Москва → Moscovo (Portugal); Moscou (Brazil) Orenburg or Оренбург → Orenburgo Sankt Petersburg or Санкт-Петербург → São Petersburgo or Sampetersburgo Volgograd or Волгогра́д → Volgogrado Yekaterinburg or Екатеринбург → Ecaterimburgo (Portugal); Ekaterinburgo (Brazil) |
Exonyms in Serbia | Beograd or Београд → Belgrado |
Exonyms in Spain |
Bilbo → Bilbau Cádiz → Cádis Córdoba → Córdova La Coruña → Corunha Madrid → Madri San Sebastián → São Sebastião Sevilla → Sevilha Valencia → Valência Zaragoza → Saragoça |
Exonyms in Sweden |
Göteborg → Gotemburgo Stockholm → Estocolmo Uppsala → Upsala |
Exonyms in Switzerland |
Basel → Basileia Bern → Berna Fribourg → Friburgo Genève → Genebra Lausanne → Lausana Luzern → Lucerna Solothurn → Soleura Zürich → Zurique |
Exonyms in Ukraine | Київ or Kiyev → Quieve |
Exonyms in United Kingdom |
Cambridge → Cambrígia Canterbury → Cantuária Edinburgh → Edimburgo Lancaster → Lencastre London → Londres Oxford → Oxónia York → Jórvik |
Every effort is made to keep this resource updated. If you find any errors, or have any questions or requests, please don't hesitate to contact the author.
All information copyright Graham Rhind 2024. Any information used should be acknowledged and referenced.